Meteor Craters and the Flood Year

Copyright 2003 G.R. Morton  This can be freely distributed so long as no changes are made and no charges are made.


Meteor craters and the Flood year
I think that the young-earthers should consider what their theory means in relation to meteor impacts. Consider what one 300 m rock would mean:

"A huge meteor with the destructive power of 3,000 hydrogen bombs will skim past the Earth today in a cosmic encounter that has alarmed astronomers.
"Codenamed 1996 JA1, the 300 metre-wide chunk of rock was discovered only last Tuesday, suggesting that humanity may have just a few days' warning of disaster if a meteor turns out to be on a collision course."Robert Matthews, "Meteor pass will be a squeaker," Calgary Herald, Sunday, May 19, 1996, p. 1

Now, consider that we geoscientists have found lots of meteor craters in the fossil record. Many of them are much, much bigger than the crater which would be formed by that 300-m diameter chunk of rock mentioned above. Below is a list of the meteor craters we have found in the fossil record. They are not all the same geologic age and this means that they would have come in at slightly different periods during the flood. But the amazing thing is that most YECs who believe in a one-year global flood don't know that their belief system requires accepting that the earth was literally bombarded with millions of megatons of meteoric impacts during the period of time that the geologic column was laid down.

The old earther doesn't have a problem with this because he believes that the craters were deposited over 545 million years. But the YEC believes that all these craters were the remnants of impacts which occurred in only 1 year. Think what the ride Noah and company had with such large meteors raining down on their head!!!

Here is the list of meteor craters found in the geologic column. this is only a partial list--more comments below:


Terrestrial Impact Crater List



Acraman, Australia
Location: 32�1'S, 135�27'E
Diameter: 160.000 km
Age: 570.00 million years

Ames
Location: 36�15'N, 98�10'W
Diameter: 16.000 km
Age: 470.00 +- 30.00 million years


Amguid
Location: 26�5'N, 4�23'E
Diameter: 0.450 km
Age: 100,000 years


Aouelloul, Mauritania
Location: 20�15'N, 12�41'W
Diameter: 0.390 km
Age: 3.10 +- 0.30 million years


Araguainha Dome
Location: 16�46'S, 52�59'W
Diameter: 40.000 km
Age: 249.00 +- 19.00 million years


Avak
Location: 71�15'N, 156�38'W
Diameter: 12.000 km
Age: 100.00 +- 5.00 million years


Azuara, Spain
Location: 41�10'N, 0�55'W
Diameter: 30.000 km
Age: 130.00 million years


B.P. Structure
Location: 25�19'N, 24�20'E
Diameter: 2.800 km
Age: 120.00 million years


Barringer, Arizona
Location: 35�2'N, 111�1'W
Diameter: 1.186 km
Age: 49,000 years


Beaverhead
Location: 44�36'N, 113�0'W
Diameter: 60.000 km
Age: 600.00 million years


Bee Bluff
Location: 29�2'N, 99�51'W
Diameter: 2.400 km
Age: 40.00 million years


Beyenchime-Salaatin
Location: 71�50'N, 123�30'E
Diameter: 8.000 km
Age: 65.00 million years


Bigach
Location: 48�30'N, 82�0'E
Diameter: 7.000 km
Age: 6.00 +- 3.00 million years


Boltysh, Ukraine
Location: 48�45'N, 32�10'E
Diameter: 25.000 km
Age: 88.00 +- 3.00 million years


Bosumtwi, Ghana
Location: 6�32'N, 1�25'W
Diameter: 10.500 km
Age: 1.30 +- 0.2 million years


Boxhole, North Territory, Australia
Location: 22�37'S, 135�12'E
Diameter: 0.170 km
Age: 30,000 years


Brent, Ontario, Canada
Location: 46�5'N, 78�29'W
Diameter: 3.800 km
Age: 450.00 +- 30.00 million years


Campo Del Cielo, Argentina
Location: 27�38'S, 61�42'W
Diameter: 0.050 km
Age: 0 years


Carswell, Saskatchewan, Canada
Location: 58�27'N, 109�30'W
Diameter: 39.000 km
Age: 115.00 +- 10.00 million years


Charlevoix, Canada
Location: 47�32'N, 70�18'W
Diameter: 54.000 km
Age: 357.00 +- 15.00 million years


Chicxulub, Mexico
Location: 21�20'N, 89�30'W
Diameter: 300.000 km
Age: 64.98 +- 0.05 million years


Chiyli
Location: 49�10'N, 57�51'E
Diameter: 5.500 km
Age: 46.00 +- 7.00 million years


Clearwater Lake East, Quebec, Canada
Location: 56�5'N, 74�7'W
Diameter: 22.000 km
Age: 290.00 +- 20.00 million years


Clearwater Lake West, Quebec, Canada
Location: 56�13'N, 74�30'W
Diameter: 32.000 km
Age: 290.00 +- 20.00 million years


Connolly Basin, Australia
Location: 23�32'S, 124�45'E
Diameter: 9.000 km
Age: 60.00 million years


Crooked Creek, Missouri
Location: 37�50'N, 91�23'W
Diameter: 7.000 km
Age: 320.00 +- 80.00 million years


Dalgaranga, West Australia
Location: 27�45'S, 117�5'E
Diameter: 0.021 km
Age: 30,000 years


Decaturville, Missouri
Location: 37�54'N, 92�43'W
Diameter: 6.000 km
Age: 300.00 million years


Deep Bay, Saskatchewan, Canada
Location: 56�24'N, 102�59'W
Diameter: 13.000 km
Age: 100.00 +- 50.00 million years


Dellen, Sweden
Location: 61�55'N, 16�39'E
Diameter: 15.000 km
Age: 110.00 +- 2.70 million years


Des Plaines, Illinois
Location: 42�3'N, 87�52'W
Diameter: 8.000 km
Age: 280.00 million years


Dobele
Location: 56�35'N, 23�15'E
Diameter: 4.500 km
Age: 300.00 +- 35.00 million years


Eagle Butte
Location: 49�42'N, 110�35'W
Diameter: 19.000 km
Age: 65.00 million years


El'Gygytgyn, Russia
Location: 67�30'N, 172�5'E
Diameter: 18.000 km
Age: 3.50 +- 0.50 million years


Flynn Creek, Tennessee
Location: 36�17'N, 85�40'W
Diameter: 3.550 km
Age: 360.00 +- 20.00 million years


Garnos
Location: 60�39'N, 9�0'E
Diameter: 5.000 km
Age: 500.00 +- 10.00 million years


Glasford, Illinois
Location: 40�36'N, 89�47'W
Diameter: 4.000 km
Age: 430.00 million years


Glover Bluff
Location: 43�58'N, 89�32'W
Diameter: 3.000 km
Age: 500.00 million years


Goat Paddock
Location: 18�20'S, 126�40'E
Diameter: 5.100 km
Age: 50.00 million years


Gosses Bluff, North Territory, Australia
Location: 23�50'S, 132�19'E
Diameter: 22.000 km
Age: 142.50 +- 0.50 million years


Gow Lake, Canada
Location: 56�27'N, 104�29'W
Diameter: 4.000 km
Age: 250.00 million years


Gusev
Location: 48�21'N, 40�14'E
Diameter: 3.500 km
Age: 65.00 million years


Haughton, Canada
Location: 75�22'N, 89�41'W
Diameter: 20.5 km
Age: 21.5 +- 1.00 million years


Haviland
Location: 37�35'N, 99�10'W
Diameter: 0.015 km
Age: 0 years


Henbury, North Territory, Australia
Location: 24�35'S, 133�9'E
Diameter: 0.157 km
Age: 10,000 years


Holleford, Ontario, Canada
Location: 44�28'N, 76�38'W
Diameter: 2.350 km
Age: 550.00 +- 100.00 million years


Ile Rouleau
Location: 50�41'N, 73�53'W
Diameter: 4.000 km
Age: 300.00 million years
Ilumetsa
Location: 57�58'N, 25�25'E
Diameter: 0.080 km
Age: 0 years


Ilyinets
Location: 49�6'N, 29�12'E
Diameter: 4.500 km
Age: 395.00 +- 5.00 million years


Janisjarvi, Russia
Location: 61�58'N, 30�55'E
Diameter: 14.000 km
Age: 698.00 +- 22.00 million years


Kaalijarvi
Location: 58�24'N, 22�40'E
Diameter: 0.110 km
Age: 0 +- 0 years


Kaluga, Russia
Location: 54�30'N, 36�15'E
Diameter: 15.000 km
Age: 380.00 +- 10.00 million years


Kamensk
Location: 48�20'N, 40�15'E
Diameter: 25.000 km
Age: 65.00 +- 2.00 million years


Kara, Russia
Location: 69�5'N, 64�18'E
Diameter: 65.000 km
Age: 73.00 +- 3.00 million years


Kara-Kul, USSR
Location: 39�1'N, 73�27'E
Diameter: 52.000 km
Age: 25.00 million years


Kardla
Location: 58�59'N, 22�40'E
Diameter: 4.000 km
Age: 455.00 million years


Karla
Location: 54�54'N, 48�0'E
Diameter: 12.000 km
Age: 10.00 million years


Kelly West
Location: 19�56'S, 133�57'E
Diameter: 10.000 km
Age: 550.00 million years


Kentland, Indiana
Location: 40�45'N, 87�24'W
Diameter: 13.000 km
Age: 300.00 million years


Kursk
Location: 51�40'N, 36�0'E
Diameter: 5.500 km
Age: 250.00 +- 80.00 million years


Lac Couture, Quebec, Canada
Location: 60�8'N, 75�20'W
Diameter: 8.000 km
Age: 430.00 +- 25.00 million years


Lac La Moinerie, Canada
Location: 57�26'N, 66�37'W
Diameter: 8.000 km
Age: 400.00 +- 50.00 million years


Lappajarvi, Finland
Location: 63�9'N, 23�42'E
Diameter: 17.000 km
Age: 77.30 +- 0.40 million years


Lawn Hill
Location: 18�40'S, 138�39'E
Diameter: 18.000 km
Age: 515.00 million years


Liverpool
Location: 12�24'S, 134�3'E
Diameter: 1.600 km
Age: 150.00 +- 70.00 million years


Lockne
Location: 63�0'N, 14�48'E
Diameter: 7.000 km
Age: 540.00 +- 10.00 million years


Logancha, Russia
Location: 65�30'N, 95�48'E
Diameter: 20.000 km
Age: 25.00 +- 20.00 million years


Logoisk
Location: 54�12'N, 27�48'E
Diameter: 17.000 km
Age: 40.00 +- 5.00 million years


Lonar, India
Location: 19�59'N, 76�31'E
Diameter: 1.830 km
Age: 52,000 +- 10,000 years


Macha
Location: 59�59'N, 118�0'E
Diameter: 0.300 km
Age: 10,000 years


Manicouagan, Quebec, Canada
Location: 51�23'N, 68�42'W
Diameter: 100.000 km
Age: 212.00 +- 1.00 million years


Manson, Iowa
Location: 42�35'N, 94�31'W
Diameter: 35.000 km
Age: 65.70 +- 1.00 million years


Marquez
Location: 31�17'N, 96�18'W
Diameter: 22.000 km
Age: 58.00 +- 2.00 million years


Middlesboro, Kentucky
Location: 36�37'N, 83�44'W
Diameter: 6.000 km
Age: 300.00 million years


Mien, Sweden
Location: 56�25'N, 14�52'E
Diameter: 9.000 km
Age: 121.00 +- 2.30 million years


Misarai
Location: 54�0'N, 23�54'E
Diameter: 5.000 km
Age: 395.00 +- 145.00 million years


Mishina Gora
Location: 58�40'N, 28�0'E
Diameter: 4.000 km
Age: 360.00 million years


Mistastin, Labrador, Canada
Location: 55�53'N, 63�18'W
Diameter: 28.000 km
Age: 38.00 +- 4.00 million years


Montagnais
Location: 42�53'N, 64�13'W
Diameter: 45.000 km
Age: 50.50 +- 0.76 million years


Monturaqui, Chile
Location: 23�56'S, 68�17'W
Diameter: 0.460 km
Age: 1.00 million years


Morasko
Location: 52�29'N, 16�54'E
Diameter: 0.100 km
Age: 10,000 years
New Quebec, Quebec, Canada
Location: 61�17'N, 73�40'W
Diameter: 3.440 km
Age: 1.40 +- 0.10 million years
Nicholson Lake, Canada
Location: 62�40'N, 102�41'W
Diameter: 12.500 km
Age: 400.00 million years


Oasis
Location: 24�35'N, 24�24'E
Diameter: 11.500 km
Age: 120.00 million years


Obolon
Location: 49�30'N, 32�55'E
Diameter: 15.000 km
Age: 215.00 +- 25.00 million years


Odessa, Texas
Location: 31�45'N, 102�29'W
Diameter: 0.168 km
Age: 50,000 years


Ouarkziz, Algeria
Location: 29�0'N, 7�33'W
Diameter: 3.500 km
Age: 70.00 million years


Piccaninny
Location: 17�32'S, 128�25'E
Diameter: 7.000 km
Age: 360.00 million years


Pilot Lake, Canada
Location: 60�17'N, 111�1'W
Diameter: 5.80 km
Age: 445.00 +- 2.00 million years


Popigai
Location: 71�30'N, 111�0'E
Diameter: 100.000 km
Age: 35.00 +- 5.00 million years


Presqu'Ile
Location: 49�43'N, 78�48'W
Diameter: 12.000 km
Age: 500.00 million years


Pretoria Salt Pan, South Africa
Location: 25�24'S, 28�5'E
Diameter: 1.130 km
Age: 200,000 years


Puchezh-Katunki
Location: 57�6'N, 43�35'E
Diameter: 80.000 km
Age: 220.00 +- 10.00 million years


Ragozinka, Russia
Location: 58�18'N, 62�0'E
Diameter: 9.000 km
Age: 55.00 +- 5.00 million years


Red Wing
Location: 47�36'N, 103�33'W
Diameter: 9.000 km
Age: 200.00 +- 25.00 million years


Riachao Ring
Location: 7�43'S, 46�39'W
Diameter: 4.500 km
Age: 200.00 million years


Ries, Germany
Location: 48�53'N, 10�37'E
Diameter: 24.000 km
Age: 14.8 +- 1.00 million years


Rio Cuarto
Location: 30�52'S, 64�14'W
Diameter: 4.500 km
Age: 100,000 years


Rochechouart, France
Location: 45�50'N, 0�56'E
Diameter: 23.000 km
Age: 186.00 +- 8.00 million years


Roter Kamm, Namibia
Location: 27�46'S, 16�18'E
Diameter: 2.500 km
Age: 5.0 +- 0.30 million years


Rotmistrovka
Location: 49�0'N, 32�0'E
Diameter: 2.700 km
Age: 140.00 +- 20.00 million years


Saaksjarvi, Finland
Location: 61�24'N, 22�24'E
Diameter: 5.000 km
Age: 514.00 +- 12.00 million years


Saint Martin, Canada
Location: 51�47'N, 98�32'W
Diameter: 40.000 km
Age: 220.0 +- 32.00 million years


Serpent Mound, Ohio
Location: 39�2'N, 83�24'W
Diameter: 6.40 km
Age: 320.00 million years


Serra Da Cangalha
Location: 8�5'S, 46�52'W
Diameter: 12.000 km
Age: 300.00 million years


Shunak, Kazakhstan
Location: 47�12'N, 72�42'E
Diameter: 3.100 km
Age: 12.00 +- 5.00 million years


Sierra Madera, Texas
Location: 30�36'N, 102�55'W
Diameter: 13.000 km
Age: 100.00 million years


Sikhote Alin, USSR
Location: 46�7'N, 134�40'E
Diameter: 0.027 km
Age: 0 years


Siljan, Sweden
Location: 61�2'N, 14�52'E
Diameter: 55.000 km
Age: 368.00 +- 1.10 million years


Slate Islands
Location: 48�40'N, 87�0'W
Diameter: 30.000 km
Age: 350.00 million years


Sobolev
Location: 46�18'N, 138�52'E
Diameter: 0.053 km
Age: 0 years


Soderfjarden, Finland
Location: 63�0'N, 21�35'E
Diameter: 6.000 km
Age: 550.00 million years


Spider, Australia
Location: 16�44'S, 126�5'E
Diameter: 13.000 km
Age: 570.00 million years


Steen River, Canada
Location: 59�31'N, 117�37'W
Diameter: 25.000 km
Age: 95.00 +- 7.00 million years


Steinheim, Germany
Location: 48�40'N, 10�4'E
Diameter: 3.800 km
Age: 14.80 +- 0.70 million years


Strangways
Location: 15�12'S, 133�35'E
Diameter: 25.000 km
Age: 470.00 million years


Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
Location: 46�36'N, 81�11'W
Diameter: 200.000 km
Age: 1850.00 +- 3.00 million years


Tabun-Khara-Obo
Location: 44�6'N, 109�36'E
Diameter: 1.300 km
Age: 3.00 million years


Talemzane, Algeria
Location: 33�19'N, 4�2'E
Diameter: 1.750 km
Age: 3.00 million years


Teague, Australia
Location: 25�52'S, 120�53'E
Diameter: 30.000 km
Age: 1685.00 +- 5.00 million years


Tenoumer, Mauritania
Location: 22�55'N, 10�24'W
Diameter: 1.900 km
Age: 2.50 +- 0.50 million years


Ternovka
Location: 48�1'N, 33�5'E
Diameter: 12.000 km
Age: 280.00 +- 10.00 million years


Tin Bider
Location: 27�36'N, 5�7'E
Diameter: 6.000 km
Age: 70.00 million years


Tookoonooka
Location: 27�0'S, 143�0'E
Diameter: 55.000 km
Age: 128.00 +- 5.00 million years


Tvaren
Location: 58�46'N, 17�25'E
Diameter: 2.000 km
Age: 0 years


Upheaval Dome, Utah
Location: 38�26'N, 109�54'W
Diameter: 5.000 km
Age: 65.00 million years


Ust-Kara
Location: 69�18'N, 65�18'E
Diameter: 25.000 km
Age: 73.00 +- 3.00 million years


Vargeao Dome
Location: 26�50'S, 52�7'W
Diameter: 12.000 km
Age: 70.00 million years


Veevers
Location: 22�58'S, 125�22'E
Diameter: 0.080 km
Age: 1.00 million years


Vepriaj
Location: 55�6'N, 24�36'E
Diameter: 8.000 km
Age: 160.00 +- 30.00 million years


Vredefort, South Africa
Location: 27�0'S, 27�30'E
Diameter: 140.000 km see below
Age: 1970.00 +- 100.00 million years


Wabar, Arabia
Location: 21�30'N, 50�28'E
Diameter: 0.097 km
Age: 10,000 +- 0 years


Wanapitei Lake, Canada
Location: 46�45'N, 80�45'W
Diameter: 7.500 km
Age: 37.00 +- 2.00 million years


Wells Creek, Tennessee
Location: 36�23'N, 87�40'W
Diameter: 14.000 km
Age: 200.00 +- 100.00 million years


West Hawk Lake, Canada
Location: 49�46'N, 95�11'W
Diameter: 3.150 km
Age: 100.00 +- 50.00 million years


Wolfe Creek, West Australia
Location: 19�18'S, 127�46'E
Diameter: 0.875 km
Age: 300,000 years


Zapadnaya
Location: 49�44'N, 29�0'E
Diameter: 4.000 km
Age: 115.00 +- 10.00 million years


Zeleny Gai
Location: 48�42'N, 32�54'E
Diameter: 2.500 km
Age: 120.00 +- 20.00 million years


Zhamanshin, Kazakhstan
Location: 48�24'N, 60�58'E
Diameter: 13.500 km
Age: 900,000 +- 100,000 years

References

Pilkington, M. and R. A. F. Grieve, "The Geophysical Signature of Terrestrial Impact Craters." Reviews of Geophysics, May 1992, vol. 30, pp. 161-181.
http://www.meteorite.ch/crater.htm

Chesapeake Bay
Location 37o 16.5�N 76o 7� W
Diameter 90 km (6400 km square crater area) 1.3 km deep
Age 35.3-35.5 myr
C. Wylie Poag, �The Chesapeake Bay Bolide Impact: A Convulsive Event in Atlantic Coastal Plain Evolution,� Sedimentary Geology 180(1997):45-90

�In so far as the age of the Woodleigh impact is constrained between the Early Permian and Early Jurassic, given the likely environmental consequences of an impact of this magnitude, it is possible that this event correlates with one of the two major extinctions during this time span, i.e., the end-Triassic (214 Ma) extinctions or the Permian-Triassic boundary (247 Ma) extinction.� Arthur J. Mory et al, �Woodleigh, Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia: a New 120 Km Diameter Impact Structure,� Earth and Planetary Science Letters 177(2000):119-128, p. 127

�A 2.020 +/- 0.003 GA meteorite impact pierced the ~10-km-thick sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the 3.07 to 2.5 Ga Witwatersrand Basin forming a 300-km diameter impact crater. Isostatic recovery in the center of the Vredefort impact structure overturned and exposed the lower basin strata and underlying crystalline basement, the latter to paleodepths of at least 20 km. Recent discovery of 3.5 to 3.3 Ga mantle rocks at the center of the basement uplift further supports the interpretation that the 37-km-thick crust has been turned on edge.� D. E. Moser, R. M. Flowers and R. J. Hart, �Birth of the Kaapvaal Tectosphere 3.08 Billion Years Ago,� Science 291(2001):465-468, p. 466

The Vredefort has shock metamorphism
�We determined the primary ages of shock-metamorphosed zircon grains from two sites using techniques described elsewhere.� D. E. Moser, R. M. Flowers and R. J. Hart, �Birth of the Kaapvaal Tectosphere 3.08 Billion Years Ago,� Science 291(2001):465-468, p. 466-467

Here is an explanation of the effects of large meteor impacts.


"Computer models of explosions with energies of 1,000 megatons--about 20 times the energy of the largest nuclear bombs but only 1/100,000 the energy of the KT impact--have shown that the fireball never reaches pressure equilibrium with the surrounding atmosphere. Instead, as the fireball expands to altitudes where the density of the atmosphere declines significantly, its rise accelerates and the gas leaves the atmosphere at velocities fast enough to escape the earth's gravitational field. The fireball from an even greater asteroid impact would simply burst out the top of the atmosphere, carrying any entrained ejecta with it, sending the material into orbits that could carry it anywhere on the earth."
"The impact of a comet-size body on the earth, creating a crater 150 kilometers in diameter, would clearly kill everything within sight of the fireball." Walter Alvarez and Frank Asaro, "An Extraterrestrial Impact," Scientific American, Oct. 1990, p. 80-82

[Note to the reader. The fellow named Socrates, remored to be a well known YEC leader was, at this time, denigrating the fact that I only have a bachelors of physics, claiming that only people like, him, who have Ph.D.s were capable of discussing such facts. Thus, I sarcastically added this  to my posting. For an exampls search on Socrates athttp://www.theologyweb.com/forum/showthread.php?s=&threadid=11221&perpage=16&highlight=Socrates%20AND%20Ph.D%20AND%20Morton&pagenumber=1
Of course, I apologize to everyone for only having a Bachelors in Physics. I am so ashamed of this, I can hardly speak. But please forgive my lack of having a Ph. D.

Thus, having apologized for my B. S. degree, respondents don't need to mention my qualifications when they present their coherent explanations of how Noah survived such a rain of fire from the sky.

Ok, it is the turn for the Young-earthers to explain the data. How did Noah survive megatons of impacts occurring in a one year period?????

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